From the Diary of Anne Frank

From the Diary of Anne Frank

From the Diary of Anne Frank Summary in English

From the Diary of Anne Frank Introduction in English

Anne Frank was a young Jewish girl. She lived with her parents in Germany. But Hitler’s Nazi Party was against the Jews. The Nazis were killing the Jews or forcing them to work in the concentration camps. The Frank family fled from Germany in 1933 and took shelters in Netherlands. But in 1940, Germany attacked Netherlands and captured it. Now the Nazis started arresting the Jews and sending them to the concentration camps. The Frank family went into hiding. They lived secretly in the upper floors of their business premises. They hid there for 25 months. Their non-Jewish friends gave them food.

Anne had started writing her diary before going into hiding. In August 1944, the Germans came to know of their hiding. They were arrested and sent to Germany. Anne, her sister, Margot and her mother soon died in a concentration camp. Her father survived and published part of Anne’s diary. In this diary, Anne gives a moving and tragic account of the difficulties faced by her family and the other Jews.

The part of the diary reproduced in this chapter is about the days when Anne was a schoolgirl and she and her family had not yet moved to the secret quarters..

From the Diary of Anne Frank Summary in English

This chapter is a part of Anne Frank’s diary. Here she tells us about the early days of her life. She says that she decided to start writing a diary because she did not have a friend. Anne was born on 12th June, 1929. She had a sister three years older to her. She lived in Frankfurt until she was four. Her father immigrated to Holland in 1933.

Anne Frank was sent to the Montessori school and stayed there until she was six. She started in the Ist form. When Anne was in the sixth form, her teacher was Mrs Kuperus, the headmistress. Both had great love for each other.

Anne had no one in whom she could confide the feelings of her heart. So she decided to make her diary her friend. She called it “Kitty’. On Saturday 20th June, 1942, Anne Frank made her first entry in her diary. It was in the form of a letter and was addressed to her diary ‘Kitty’. Anne describes her experiences with her Mathematics teacher, Mr Keesing.

Anne writes that one day, Mr Keesing punished her for talking in the class. He gave her extra homework. He asked her to write an essay on ‘A Chatterbox.’ Anne wrote it, but she again talked in the class. Now Mr Keesing asked her to write an essay on ‘An Incorrigible Chatterbox.’ Mr Keesing liked the essays written by Anne Frank.

But Anne could not give up the habit of talking in the class. So, as a punishment, Mr Keesing asked her. to write an essay on an unusual title. “Quack, Quack, Quack,’ said Mistress Chatterbox.” Anne wrote this essay in the form of a poem. It was about a mother duck and the father swan. The father bit the three ducklings to death because they quacked too much. It was a satire on Mr Keesing. But he took the joke in the right way. He read the poem to Anne’s class and other classes also. He allowed Anne to talk in the class and never again gave her extra homework.

From the Diary of Anne Frank Summary in Hindi

From the Diary of Anne Frank Introduction in Hindi

(ऐनी फ्रैंक एक छोटी यहूदी लड़की थी। वह अपने माता-पिता के साथ जर्मनी में रहती थी। मगर हिटलर की नाज़ी पार्टी यहूदियों के विरुद्ध थी। नाज़ी लोग यहूदियों को मार रहे थे या उन्हें यातना शिविरों में काम करने के लिए मजबूर कर रहे थे। फ्रैंक परिवार 1933 में जर्मनी से भाग आया और नीदरलैंड्स में शरण ली। मगर 1940 में जर्मनी ने नीद्रलैंड्स पर आक्रमण किया और उस पर कब्जा कर लिया। अब नाज़ियों ने यहूदियों को कैद करना एवं उन्हें यातना शिविरों में भेजना आरंभ कर दिया। फ्रैंक परिवार छिप गया। वे अपने व्यापार के कार्यालय की ऊपरी मंजिल में गुप्त रूप से रहने लगे। वे वहाँ पर 25 महीने छिपे रहे। उनके गैर-यहूदी मित्रों ने उन्हें भोजन दिया।

ऐनी ने छिपने से पहले अपनी डायरी लिखनी आरंभ कर दी थी। अगस्त, 1944 में जर्मन लोगों को उनके छिपने का पता चल गया। उन्हें कैद करके जर्मनी भेज दिया गया। ऐनी, उसकी बहन मार्गट एवं उसकी माता की एक यातना शिविर में मौत हो गई। उसका पिता बच गया और उसने ऐनी की डायरी के एक भाग को प्रकाशित करवाया। इस डायरी में ऐनी अपने परिवार एवं अन्य यहूदियों द्वारा उठाई गई कठिनाइयों का मार्मिक वर्णन करती है।

यहाँ प्रस्तुत डायरी का अंश उन दिनों के बारे में है जब ऐनी स्कूली छात्रा थी और वह एवं उसका परिवार अभी गुप्त स्थान में छिपने के लिए नहीं गया था।)

From the Diary of Anne Frank Summary in Hindi

यह पाठ ऐनी फ्रैंक की डायरी का भाग है। यहाँ वह हमें अपने जीवन के प्रारंभिक भाग के बारे में बताती है। वह कहती है कि उसने डायरी लिखना इसलिए आरंभ किया, क्योंकि उसका कोई मित्र नहीं था। ऐनी का जन्म 12 जून, 1929 को हुआ। उसकी एक बहन थी जो उससे तीन साल बड़ी थी। वह चार साल की उम्र तक फ्रैंकफर्ट में रही। उसका पिता 1933 में हॉलैंड चला गया।

ऐनी फ्रैंक को मॉन्टेसरी स्कूल भेजा गया और वह वहाँ छह साल की उम्र तक रही। उसने पहली कक्षा से पढ़ाई आरंभ की। जब ऐनी छठी कक्षा में थी तो मुख्याध्यापिका श्रीमती क्यूपरस उसकी शिक्षिका थी। दोनों को एक-दूसरे से बहुत प्यार था।

ऐसा कोई नहीं था जिसे ऐनी अपने दिल की भावनाएँ बता सकती। इसलिए उसने अपनी डायरी को अपना मित्र बनाने का फैसला किया। उसने इसका नाम ‘किट्टी’ रखा। शनिवार 20 जून, 1942 को ऐनी फ्रैंक ने डायरी में पहली प्रविष्टि की। यह एक पत्र के रूप में थी और उसकी डायरी ‘किट्टी’ के नाम थी। ऐनी अपने गणित के अध्यापक श्री कीसिंग के साथ हुए अपने अनुभवों का वर्णन करती है।

ऐनी लिखती है कि एक दिन श्री कीसिंग ने उसे कक्षा में बातें करने के लिए सज़ा दी। उसने उसे अतिरिक्त गृहकार्य दिया। उसने उसे ‘बातूनी लड़की’ पर प्रस्ताव लिखने को कहा। ऐनी ने इसे लिखा मगर वह फिर कक्षा में बोली। अब श्री कीसिंग ने उसे “एक न सुधरने वाली बातूनी लड़की’ पर प्रस्ताव लिखने को कहा। श्री कीसिंग को ऐनी द्वारा लिखे गए प्रस्ताव पसंद आए।

मगर ऐनी कक्षा में बातें करने की आदत को नहीं छोड़ सकी। इसलिए सज़ा के तौर पर, श्री कीसिंग ने उसे एक असाधारण विषय पर प्रस्ताव लिखने को कहा, “ ‘क्वैक, क्वैक, क्वैक’ कुमारी बातूनी ने कहा।” ऐनी ने यह प्रस्ताव कविता के रूप में लिखा। यह एक बत्तख माता एवं हंस पिता के बारे में था। पिता ने बत्तख बच्चों को काटकर मार डाला क्योंकि वह बहुत अधिक बोलते थे। यह श्री कीसिंग पर व्यंग्य था। मगर उन्होंने मज़ाक को सही रूप में लिया। उसने कविता को ऐनी की कक्षा तथा अन्य कक्षाओं में भी पढ़कर सुनाया। उसने ऐनी को कक्षा में बोलने की अनुमति दी और उसके बाद कभी भी उसे अतिरिक्त गृह-कार्य नहीं दिया।

English From the Diary of Anne Frank Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What prompted Anne to maintain a diary?
Answer:
Anne maintained a diary because he had no friend.

Question 2.
Who became Anne’s friend and what was the friend’s name?
Answer:
Anne’s diary became her friend and her name was Kitty.

Question 3.
For whom was Anne’s “a birthday present” and why ?
Answer:
She was a birthday present for her sister because she went to Holland later.

Question 4.
When did she make her first entry in her diary?
Answer:
She made her first entry in her diary on 20th June, 1942.

Question 5.
Which subject did Anne find difficult ?
Answer:
Anne found Mathematics difficult.

Question 6.
Why was Mr Keesing annoyed with Anne ?
Answer:
He was annoyed with Anne because she talked in the class.

Question 7.
What was a strange experience for Anne ?
Answer:
Writing in a diary was a strange experience for Anne.

Question 8.
How old was Anne ?
Answer:
She was thirteen years old.

Question 9.
According to Anne What has more patience than people ?
Answer:
According to Anne paper has more patience than people.

Question 10.
What was the name of Anne’s sister ?
Answer:
Her name was Margot.

Question 11.
What was the name of Anne’s maths teacher ?
Answer:
His name was Mr Keesing.

Question 12.
What was the topic of the first essay, Mr Keesing asked Anne to write ?
Answer:
‘A Chatterbox.’

Question 13.
What was the name of the essay on which Anne had to write the second time?
Answer:
‘An Incorrigible Chatterbox.’

Question 14.
Who helped Anne to write the essay in poetry ?
Answer:
Anne’s friend Sanne.

Question 15.
What was the title of the third essay?
Answer:
‘Quack, Quack, Quack, said Mistress Chatterbox.”

Question 16.
What was the name of Anne’s mother ?
Answer:
Her mother name was Edith Hollander Frank.

Question 17.
Who was Mrs Kuperus ?
Answer:
She was the headmistress of Anne’s school in 6th standard.

Question 18.
Where did Anne’s family migrate from Germany to ?
Answer:
Her family migrated from Germany to Holland.

Question 19.
Who was Kitty ?
Answer:
It was the name given to her diary by Anne.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Why did Anne think that she was alone ? Give reasons. (ऐनी ऐसा क्यों सोचती थी कि वह अकेली है ? तर्क कीजिए।)।
Answer:
Anne had loving parents and an elder sister. She had loving aunts and a good home. She had a number of friends also. But there was no one in whom she could confide. So she thought that she was alone.
(ऐनी के माता-पिता प्रिय थे एवं एक बड़ी बहन थी। उसकी प्रिय चाचियाँ थीं और एक अच्छा घर था। उसके बहुत-से मित्र भी थे। मगर ऐसा कोई नहीं था जिसे वह दिल की बात बता सकती। इसलिए वह सोचती थी कि वह अकेली है।)

Question 2.
How do you know that Anne was close to her grandmother ? (आप ऐसा क्यों सोचते हैं कि ऐनी अपनी दादी की प्रिय थी ?)
Answer:
Anne lived with her grandmother for some months when her parents went to Holland. She loved her deeply. When her grandmother died, Anne felt sad. She often thought about her. So she was close to her grandmother.

(जब उसके माता-पिता हॉलैंड में चले गए तो ऐनी कुछ महीनों तक अपनी दादी के साथ रही। वह उसे बहुत प्यार करती थी। जब उसकी दादी की मृत्यु हुई तो ऐनी बहुत उदास हो गई। वह अकसर उसके बारे में सोचती थी। इसलिए वह अपनी दादी की प्रिय थी।)

Question 3.
Where did Anne stay before going to Holland ? (हॉलैंड जाने से पहले ऐनी कहाँ रही ?)
Answer:
Anne’s parents migrated to Holland. They did not take Anne with them. So Anne stayed with her grandmother for some months.
(ऐनी के माता-पिता हॉलैंड चले गए। वे ऐनी को अपने साथ नहीं ले गए। इसलिए ऐनी कुछ महीनों तक अपनी दादी के पास रही।)

Question 4.
Why was Anne in tears, when she left the Montessori School ? (जब ऐनी ने मॉन्टेसरी स्कूल छोड़ा तो वह रो क्यों रही थी ?)
Answer:
When Anne was in the sixth form in the Montessori School, her teacher was Mrs Kuperus, the headmistress. Anne loved her teacher deeply. She also showed affection to Anne. So when Anne left the Montessori school, she was in tears.
(जब ऐनी मॉन्टेसरी स्कूल में छठी कक्षा में थी तो उसकी अध्यापिका श्रीमती क्यूपरस थी जो मुख्याध्यापिका भी थी। ऐनी को उससे गहरा प्यार था। उसने भी ऐनी के प्रति स्नेह दर्शाया। इसलिए जब ऐनी ने मॉन्टेसरी स्कूल छोड़ा तो वह रो रही थी।)

Question 5.
Why was the entire class quaking in its boots ? (सारी कक्षा की टाँगें क्यों काँप रही थीं (भय से) ?)
Answer:
The time for declaring the annual results was coming closer. Soon a meeting would be held. The teachers would decide whom to pass and whom to retain in the same class. That is why the whole class was quaking in its boots.
(वार्षिक परिणाम घोषित होने का समय निकट आता जा रहा था। शीघ्र ही एक मीटिंग होगी। अध्यापक फैसला करेंगे कि किसे पास किया जाए एवं किसे उसी कक्षा में रखा जाए। इसलिए सारी कक्षा की टाँगें भय से काँप रही थीं।).

Essay Type Question

Question 1.
“Paper has more patience than people.” Elucidate. (“कागज़ में लोगों से अधिक धैर्य होता है।” व्याख्या करो।)
Answer:
Anne Frank felt lonely in the world. She had loving parents, an elder sister and a number of friends. But she was not intimate with anyone. She could talk to them about common everyday matters. But she could not express her inner feelings to them. She wanted a patient listener with a sympathetic heart. But she found that people had no patience to listen to her. She could not relieve the feelings of her heart to anyone. Anne wanted to lighten the burden of ideas in her heart. So she decided to maintain a diary. A diary is not a human being. It has a lot more patience than man. One can express one’s thoughts freely. The diary does not get bored. It is a true friend. It never rejects the offer of friendship. That is why Anne Frank says that paper has more patience than people.
(ऐनी फ्रैंक स्वयं को संसार में अकेला महसूस करती थी। उसके प्रिय माता-पिता, एक बड़ी बहन और बहुत-से मित्र थे। मगर वह किसी के साथ घनिष्ठ नहीं थी। वह उनके साथ रोज के आम मामलों के बारे में बात कर सकती थी। मगर वह अपनी आंतरिक भावनाएँ उन तक व्यक्त नहीं कर सकती थी। उसे सहानुभूतिपूर्ण हृदय वाले किसी धैर्यवान श्रोता की चाहत थी। मगर उसने देखा कि लोगों के पास उसे सुनने का धैर्य नहीं है। वह अपने हृदय की भावनाओं को हर एक के आगे व्यक्त नहीं कर सकती थी। ऐनी अपने दिल के विचारों का बोझ हल्का करना चाहती थी। इसलिए उसने डायरी लिखने का निर्णय लिया। डायरी मनुष्य नहीं होती। इसमें मनुष्य से कहीं अधिक धैर्य होता है। व्यक्ति इससे अपने विचार स्वतंत्रता से व्यक्त कर सकता है। डायरी बोर नहीं होती। यह सच्ची मित्र है। यह कभी भी मित्रता की पेशकश को ठुकराती नहीं है। इसीलिए ऐनी फ्रैंक कहती है कि कागज़ में लोगों की अपेक्षा अधिक धैर्य होता है।)

Question 2.
Give a brief sketch of Anne’s life.
(ऐनी के जीवन का संक्षिप्त चित्रण करो।)
OR
Write the character – sketch of Anne Frank.
(ऐनी फ्रैंक का चरित्र-चित्रण लिखिए।)
Answer:
Anne Frank was a young Jewish girl. She lived with her parents in Germany. But Hitler’s Nazi Party was against the Jews. The Nazis were killing the Jews or forcing them to work in the concentration camps. The Frank family fled from Germany in 1933 and took shelters in Netherlands. But in 1940, Germany attacked Netherlands and captured it. Now the Nazis started arresting the Jews and sending them to the concentration camps. The Frank family went into hiding. They lived secretly in the upper floors of their business premises. They hid there for 25 months. Their non-Jewish friends gave them food.
Anne had started writing her diary before going into hiding. In August 1944, the Germans came to know of their hiding. They were arrested and sent to Germany. Anne, her sister, Margot and her mother soon died in a concentration camp. Her father survived and published part of Anne’s diary. In this diary,Anne gives a moving and tragic account of the difficulties faced by her family and the other Jews.
The part of the diary reproduced in this chapter is about the days when Anne was a schoolgirl and she and her family had not yet moved to the secret quarters.
(ऐनी फ्रैंक एक युवा यहूदी लड़की थी। वह अपने माता-पिता के साथ जर्मनी में रहती थी। मगर हिटलर की नाज़ी पार्टी यहूदियों के विरुद्ध थी। नाज़ी लोग यहूदियों को मार रहे थे या उन्हें यातना शिविरों में काम करने के लिए मजबूर कर रहे थे। फ्रैंक परिवार 1933 में जर्मनी से भाग आया और नीदरलैंड्स में शरण ली। मगर 1940 में जर्मनी ने नीदरलैंड्स पर आक्रमण किया और उस पर कब्जा कर लिया। अब नाज़ियों ने यहूदियों को कैद करना एवं उन्हें यातना शिविरों में भेजना आरंभ कर दिया। फ्रैंक परिवार छिप गया। वे अपने व्यापार के कार्यालय की ऊपरी मंजिल में गुप्त रूप से रहने लगे। वे वहाँ पर 25 महीने छिपे रहे। उनके गैर-यहूदी मित्रों ने उन्हें भोजन दिया।
ऐनी ने छिपने से पहले अपनी डायरी लिखनी आरंभ कर दी थी। अगस्त, 1944 में जर्मन लोगों को उनके छिपने का पता चल गया। उन्हें कैद करके जर्मनी भेज दिया गया। ऐनी, उसकी बहन मार्गट एवं उसकी माता की एक यातना शिविर में मौत हो गई। उसका पिता बच गया और उसने ऐनी की डायरी के एक भाग को प्रकाशित करवाया। इस डायरी में ऐनी अपने परिवार एवं अन्य यहूदियों द्वारा उठाई गई कठिनाइयों का मार्मिक वर्णन करती है।
यहाँ प्रस्तुत डायरी का अंश उन दिनों के बारे में है जब ऐनी स्कूली छात्रा थी और वह एवं उसका परिवार अभी गुप्त स्थान में छिपने के लिए नहीं गया था।)

Question 3.
Why did Mr Keesing punish her ? What was the punishment ? How did Anne finally stop Mr Keesing from punishing her ?
(श्रीमान कीसिंग ने उसे क्या सज़ा दी? सज़ा क्या थी? आखिर ऐनी ने श्रीमान कीसिंग को उसे सजा देने से कैसे रोका ?)
Answer:
Anne Frank was in the habit oftalking in the class. Mr Keesing was her Maths teacher. He was annoyed with Anne as she talked much in the class. He gave her several warnings but it had no effect. One day, he punished her by giving her extra homework. He asked her to write an essay on the subject“A Chatterbox”. Anne wrote the essay, giving very amusing arguments in it. Mr Keesing liked the essay. But Anne again talked in the class. So he gave the task of writing another essay. This time, the subject was, “An Incorrigible Chatterbox.’After that, for two lessons, Anne did not get any punishment. But during the third lesson, Mr Keesing saw Anne talking again. He was very annoyed. He asked her to write another essay. The subject of this essay was, “Quack, Quack, Quack, Said Mistress Chatterbox.” The whole class laughed. Mr Keesing was trying to play a joke on Anne. But she wrote the essay in an amusing way. Mr Keesing liked the essay and did not punish Anne after that.
(ऐनी फ्रैंक को कक्षा में बातें करने की आदत थी। श्रीमान कीसिंग उसका गणित का अध्यापक था। वह उससे इसलिए नाराज़ था क्योंकि वह कक्षा में बहुत अधिक बोलती थी। उसने उसे बहुत चेतावनियाँ दी मगर इसका कोई प्रभाव नहीं हुआ। एक दिन उसने उसे अतिरिक्त गृह-कार्य देकर सज़ा दी। उसने उसे ‘बातूनी लड़की’ विषय पर प्रस्ताव लिखने को कहा। ऐनी ने बड़े मनोरंजक तर्क देकर प्रस्ताव लिखा। श्री कीसिंग को प्रस्ताव पसंद आया। मगर ऐनी ने फिर से कक्षा में बात की। इसलिए उसने उसे एक अन्य प्रस्ताव लिखने को कहा। इस बार विषय था, “न सुधरने वाली बातूनी लड़की” उसके बाद दो पाठों तक ऐनी को कोई सजा नहीं मिली। मगर तीसरे पाठ के दौरान श्री कीसिंग ने ऐनी को फिर से बात करते देखा। वह बहुत नाराज़ हो गया। उसने उसे एक अन्य प्रस्ताव लिखने को कहा। इस प्रस्ताव का विषय था, “कुमारी बातूनी ने कहा, क्वैक, क्वैक, क्वैक” सारी कक्षा हँसने लगी। श्री कीसिंग ऐनी से मज़ाक करने का प्रयत्न कर रहा था। मगर ऐनी ने प्रस्ताव को बड़े मनोरंजक ढंग से लिखा। श्री कीसिंग को प्रस्ताव पसंद आया और उसने उसके बाद ऐनी को सज़ा नहीं दी।)

Question 4.
How do you assess Anne’s character ? You can choose appropriate words from the following box and write a paragraph.
Responsible; caring and loving; humorous; talkative; sensible; patient; mature for herage; lonely; accurate in herjudgement;childish; intelligent
(आप ऐनी के चरित्र का मूल्यांकन कैसे करते हैं ? आप निम्नलिखित बॉक्स से उपयुक्त शब्द चुन सकते हैं और एक पैरा लिखिए :
जिम्मेदार; परवाह करने वाली एवं प्रिय; हास्यपूर्ण; बातूनी; संवेदनशील; धैर्यवान; अपनी उम्र से अधिक परिपक्व; अकेली; अपने निर्णय में सही; बचकाना; अक्लमंद)
Answer:
Anne was a girl of thirteen years. She was very intelligent. She had a sharp brain. She was different from the other girls of her age. She could think clearly and deeply. She had deep thoughts and ideas that she wanted to share with some one. But she found that her friends were not able to understand her completely. Their mental level was not equal to that of Anne. They could talk to Anne about ordinary everyday matter only. She had loving parents, an elder sister and loving aunts also. But she could not share her deep thoughts with anyone. So she decided to make her diary her friend. She wrote down her inner thoughts and feelings in the diary. Anne had an argumentative mind. She argued in her first essay that parental traits are inherited by children. She had a good sense of humour. Her Maths teacher, Mr Keesing tried to play a joke on her. But she wrote the essay in verse in such a way that the joke was turned on him.

(ऐनी फ्रैंक तेरह साल की लड़की थी। वह बहुत अक्लमंद थी। उसका दिमाग तेज था। वह अपनी उम्र की अन्य लड़कियों से भिन्न थी। वह स्पष्ट एवं गहरे रूप से सोच सकती थी। उसकी सोच और विचार गहरे थे जिन्हें वह किसी के साथ बाँटना चाहती थी। मगर उसने देखा कि उसके मित्र उसे पूरी तरह नहीं समझ पाते थे। उनका मानसिक स्तर ऐनी के मानसिक स्तर के बराबर नहीं था। वे ऐनी से केवल रोज के साधारण मामलों के बारे में ही बात कर सकते थे। उसके प्रिय माता-पिता, एक बड़ी बहन एवं प्रिय चाचियाँ थीं। मगर वह अपने गहरे विचार किसी के साथ बाँट नहीं सकती थी। इसलिए उसने अपनी डायरी को अपना मित्र बनाने का फैसला किया। उसने डायरी में अपने आंतरिक विचार एवं भावनाएँ लिखीं। ऐनी का दिमाग तर्कशील था। उसने अपने पहले प्रस्ताव में तर्क दिया कि माता-पिता के गुण बच्चों को विरासत में मिलते हैं। उसमें हास्य की अच्छी भावना थी। उसके गणित के अध्यापक ने उसका मजाक उड़ाने का प्रयत्न किया। मगर उसने प्रस्ताव को कविता के रूप में इस प्रकार लिखा कि उसका मजाक उड़ गया।)

Question 5.
Why did Anne Frank maintain a diary? (ऐनी फ्रैंक ने डायरी क्यों लिखी ?)
Answer:
Anne Frank had loving parents. She had loving aunts and uncles. She lived in a good house. She had about thirty friends. Even then she felt lonely. She felt that there was no one with whom she could share her thoughts and feelings. There were a number of things, which she wanted to get off her chest. But she had no true friend. She could not talk to them about anything except ordinary everyday matters. She could have good time with them. But she had no intimate friend. She had no friend in whom she could confide her deeper feelings. So she decided to maintain a diary. She thought that she would treat her diary like her friend. She could note down all her thoughts and feelings in this diary. She named this friend, Kitty. The first entry that she made in the diary was dated 20th June, 1942.

(ऐनी फ्रैंक के माता-पिता प्रिय थे। उसके पास प्रिय चाचियाँ एवं चाचे थे। वह एक अच्छे घर में रहती थी। उसके लगभग तीस मित्र थे। फिर भी वह अकेलापन महसूस करती थी। वह महसूस करती थी कि कोई ऐसा नहीं है जिसके साथ वह अपने विचारों एवं भावनाओं को बाँट सके। ऐसी बहुत-सी बातें थीं जिनका बोझ वह अपने दिल से उतारना चाहती थी। मगर उसका कोई सच्चा मित्र नहीं था। वह उनके साथ रोज की साधारण बातों के अतिरिक्त किसी अन्य विषय पर बात नहीं कर सकती थी। वह उनके साथ अच्छा समय बिता सकती थी। मगर उसका कोई घनिष्ठ मित्र नहीं था। उसका ऐसा कोई मित्र नहीं था जिसको अपनी गहरी भावनाएँ बता सकती। इसलिए उसने डायरी रखने का फैसला किया। उसने सोचा कि वह अपनी डायरी के साथ मित्र जैसा व्यवहार करेगी। वह अपने सारे विचार एवं भावनाएँ इस डायरी में लिख सकती थी। उसने अपनी डायरी का नाम किट्टी रखा। उसने अपनी डायरी में पहली प्रविष्टि 20 जून, 1942 को की।)

Question 6.
What does Anne say about her parents, elder sister and her stay in the Montessori School ? (ऐनी अपने माता-पिता, अपनी बड़ी बहन एवं मॉन्टेसरी स्कूल में अपने समय के बारे में क्या कहती है ?)
Answer:
Anne calls her father very adorable. When her parents married, her father was thirty-six and the mother was twenty-five. Margot was Anne’s elder sister. She was born in Frankfurt in 1926. Three years later, Anne was born. She lived in Frankfurt until she was four. Her father migrated to Holland in 1933. Her mother, Edith Hollander Frank, went with him. Anne and her sister, Margot were sent to Aachenm to stay with their grandmother. Margot went to Holland in December and Anne went three months later. Anne started studying at the Montessori School. She stayed there until she was six at which time she was in the first form. When was in the sixth form, her teacher was Mrs Kuperus, the headmistress. Both loved each other. When she left the school, both Anne and her teacher were in tears.

(ऐनी अपने पिता को पूजनीय कहती है। जब उसके माता-पिता की शादी हुई तब उसके पिता छत्तीस साल के थे और उसकी माँ पच्चीस साल की थी। मार्गट ऐनी की बड़ी बहन थी। उसका जन्म 1926 में फ्रैंकफर्ट में हुआ था। तीन साल बाद ऐनी का जन्म हुआ। वह चार साल की उम्र तक फ्रैंकफर्ट में रही। उसके पिता 1933 में हॉलैंड चले गए। उसकी माता एडिथ हालैंडर फ्रैंक उनके साथ चली गई। ऐनी एवं उसकी बहन मार्गट अपनी दादी के साथ रहने के लिए Aachenm चली गई। मार्गट दिसंबर में हॉलैंड गई और ऐनी तीन महीने बाद गई। ऐनी ने मॉन्टेसरी स्कूल में पढ़ना आरंभ कर दिया। वह वहाँ छह साल की उम्र तक रही जब वह पहली कक्षा में थी। जब वह छठी कक्षा में थी तो मुख्याध्यापिका श्रीमती क्यूपरस, जो उसकी अध्यापिका थी, दोनों एक दूसरे से प्यार करती थीं। जब उसने स्कूल छोड़ा तो ऐनी एवं उसकी अध्यापिका दोनों ही रोने लगीं।)

Question 7.
Anne had loving parents and a number of friends. Even then she thought that she was alone. Why?
(ऐनी के प्रिय माता-पिता एवं बहुत-से मित्र थे। फिर भी वह सोचती थी कि वह अकेली है। क्यों ?)
Answer:
Anne Frank was a thirteen-year-old girl. She had loving parents and an elder sister. She had loving aunts and lived in a good home. She had about thirty friends also. Even then she felt that she was alone in the world. She had no intimate person. She had no true friend with whom she could share her feelings. She could not confide in anyone. She had a number of thoughts that she wanted to express to someone. But she could not get close to anyone. She could have good time with them. She could talk to them about ordinary everyday matters of life. But there was no one with whom she could share the deepest thoughts of his heart. Thus she felt lonely in the world. She wanted a true friend so she decided to make the diary her friend.

(ऐनी फ्रैंक एक तेरह साल की लड़की थी। उसके प्रिय माता-पिता एवं एक बड़ी बहन थी। उसकी प्रिय चाचियाँ थीं एवं वह एक अच्छे घर में रहती थी। उसके लगभग तीस मित्र भी थे। फिर भी वह महसूस करती थी कि वह इस संसार में अकेली है। कोई व्यक्ति उसका घनिष्ठ नहीं था। उसका कोई सच्चा मित्र नहीं था जिसके साथ वह अपनी भावनाएँ बाँट सकती। वह किसी को दिल की बात नहीं बता सकती थी। उसके बहुत-से विचार थे जो वह किसी को व्यक्त करना चाहती थी। मगर वह किसी की घनिष्ठ नहीं बन सकी। वह उनके साथ जीवन की साधारण रोज की बातों के बारे में बात कर सकती थी। मगर ऐसा कोई नहीं था जिसके साथ वह अपने दिल के गहरे विचारों को बाँट सकती। इसलिए वह संसार में अकेली महसूस करती थी। वह एक सच्चा मित्र चाहती थी। इसलिए उसने अपनी डायरी को अपना मित्र बनाने का फैसला किया।)

Question 8.
Why was the whole class shaking in its boots ? How does Anne Frank describe the behaviour of her classmates ?
(सारी कक्षा क्यों डर रही थी ? ऐनी फ्रैंक अपने कक्षा के व्यवहार का वर्णन कैसे करती है ?)
Answer:
The time of the declaration of the annual results was coming closer. The teachers were going to hold their annual meeting. In that meeting they were going to decide which of the students would be promoted to the next class and which of them would be kept back in the same class. As a result, the students were nervous because of the worries of their future. Half the class was making bets. Anne and her friend G.N. laughed heartily as their classmates C.N. and Jacques had staked their entire holiday savings on their bet. They were all the time speculating who would pass and who would not. Anne was angry with many of them. But they would not calm down. There were many dummies in Anne’s class. She felt that at least half of them should not be promoted to the next class. But she also felt that teachers are the most unpredictable persons on earth..

(वार्षिक परीक्षाफल की घोषणा का समय निकट आता जा रहा था। अध्यापक अपनी वार्षिक मीटिंग करने वाले थे। उस मीटिंग में वे इस बात का फैसला करने वाले थे कि किन छात्रों को अगली कक्षा में भेजा जाए एवं किन्हें उसी कक्षा में रखा जाए। परिणामस्वरूप छात्र भविष्य की अपनी चिन्ता के कारण परेशान थे। आधी कक्षा शर्त लगा रही थी। ऐनी एवं उसकी सहेली GN. बहुत हंसी क्योंकि उनके सहपाठी C.N. एवं जेक्स ने अपनी छुट्टियों की सारी बचत को शर्त में लगा दिया था। वे सदा शर्त लगाते रहते थे कि कौन पास होगा और कौन नहीं। ऐनी उनमें से बहुतों के साथ नाराज थी। मगर वे शांत नहीं होते थे। कक्षा में बहुत-से बुद्ध बच्चे थे। वह महसूस करती थी कि उनमें से कम-से-कम आधे अगली कक्षा में नहीं जाएँगे। मगर वह यह भी महसूस करती थी कि शिक्षक ऐसे व्यक्ति हैं जिनके बारे में कुछ भी अनुमान नहीं लगाया जा सकता।)

Question 9.
Describe the three essays written by Anne Frank. (ऐनी फ्रैंक द्वारा लिखे गए तीन प्रस्तावों का वर्णन करो।)
Answer:
Anne Frank was in the habit of talking in the class. Her Maths teacher, Mr Keesing was annoyed with her. One day, Mr Keesing gave her extra homework as a punishment. He asked her to write an essay on the subject, ‘A Chatterbox’. She gave amusing arguments in her essay. She wrote that it was a trait of a student to talk. Moreover, she could not cure herself of this habit as her mother also talked as much as she did. It was an inherited trait. Mr Keesing liked the essay. But Anne talked again the class. So he asked her to write another essay on the topic, ‘An Incorrigible Chatterbox.’ Now for two lessons, she did not get any punishment. But she talked again. This time, Mr Keesing asked her to write an essay on the topic, ‘Quack, Quack, Quack, Said Mistress Chatterbox.’ Anne wrote this essay in verse form. She wrote about a mother duck and father swan. They had three ducklings. But the father killed the ducklings because they quacked too much. Mr Keesing liked the essay greatly. He read it out to the class. He read it to other classes also. After that he stopped punishing Anne.

(ऐनी फ्रैंक को कक्षा में बोलने की आदत थी। उसका गणित का अध्यापक श्री कीसिंग उससे बहुत नाराज़ था। एक दिन श्री कीसिंग ने उसे सज़ा के तौर पर अतिरिक्त गृह-कार्य दिया। उसने उसे ‘बातूनी लड़की’ विषय पर प्रस्ताव लिखने को कहा। ऐनी फ्रैंक ने अपने प्रस्ताव में मनोरंजक तर्क दिए। उसने कहा बात करना छात्र का गुण है। इसके अतिरिक्त, वह स्वयं को नहीं सुधार सकती, क्योंकि उसकी माता भी उतना ही बोलती थी जितनी कि वह। यह एक विरासत में प्राप्त गुण है। श्री कीसिंग को प्रस्ताव अच्छा लगा। मगर ऐनी कक्षा में फिर से बोली। इसलिए उसे उसने एक अन्य प्रस्ताव ‘न सुधरने वाली बातूनी लड़की’ विषय पर लिखने को कहा। अब दो पाठों तक उसे कोई सज़ा नहीं मिली। मगर उसने फिर से बात की। इस बार श्री कीसिंग ने उसे इस विषय पर प्रस्ताव लिखने का कहा, “क्वैक, क्वैक, क्वैक कुमारी बातूनी ने कहा।” ऐनी ने यह प्रस्ताव कविता में लिखा। उसने बत्तख माता एवं हंस पिता के बारे में लिखा। उनके तीन बच्चे थे। मगर हंस पिता ने उन्हें मार डाला क्योंकि वह बहुत अधिक आवाज़ करते थे। श्री कीसिंग को प्रस्ताव बहुत पसंद आया। उसने इसे कक्षा में पढ़ा। उसने इसे अन्य कक्षाओं में भी पढ़कर सुनाया। उसके बाद उसने ऐनी को सज़ा देना बंद कर दिया।)

English From the Diary of Anne Frank Textbook Questions and Answers

Activity (Page 49)

1. Do you keep a diary ? Given below under ‘A’ are some terms we use to describe a written record of personal experience. Can you match them with their descriptions under ‘B’? (You may look up the terms in a dictionary if you wish.)

A B
(i) Journal A book with a separate space or page for each day, in which you write down your thoughts and feelings or what has happened on that day
(ii) Diary A full record of a journey, a period of time, or an event, written every day
(iii) Log A record of a person’s own life and experiences (usually, a famous person)
(iv) Memoir(s) A written record of events with times and dates, usually official

Answer:

A B
(i) Journal A written record of events with times and dates, usually official
(ii) Diary A book with a separate space or page for each day, in which you write down your thoughts and feelings or what has happened on that day
(iii) Log A full record of a journey, a period of time, or an event, written every day
(iv) Memoir(s) A record of a person’s own life and experiences (usually, a famous person)

2. Here are some entries from personal records. Use the definitions above to decide which of the entries might be from a diary, a journal, a log or a memoir.
(i) I woke up very late today and promptly got a scolding from Mum! I can’t help it-how can I miss the FIFA World Cup matches ?
(ii) 10:30 a.m. Went to the office of the Director
01:00 p.m. Had lunch with Chairman
05:45.p.m. Received Rahul at the airport
09:30 p.m. Dinner at home
(iii) The ride to Ooty was uneventful. We rested for a while every 50 km or so, and used the time to capture the magnificent landscape with my HandyCam. From Ooty we went on to Bangalore. What a contrast! The noise and pollution of this once-beautiful city really broke my heart.
(iv) This is how Raj Kapoor found me all wet and ragged outside R.K. Studios. He was then looking for just someone like this for a small role in Mera Naam Joker, and he cast me on the spot. The rest, as they say, is history!
Answer:
(i) Diary,
(ii) Log,
(iii) Journal,
(iv) Memoir.

Oral Comprehension Check (Page 51)

1. What makes writing in a diary a strange experience for Anne Frank ? (किस बात ने डायरी में लिखना ऐनी फ्रैंक के लिए एक अद्भुत अनुभव बना दिया?)
Answer:
Writing in a diary is a strange experience for Anne because she has never writing anything before. Secondly, she thinks that no one will be interested in the thoughts of a thirteen-year-old-girl, except herself. So it was better to record those thoughts in her diary.
(डायरी में लिखना ऐनी फ्रेंक के लिए एक विचित्र अनुभव है क्योंकि उसने पहले कभी कुछ लिखा नहीं है। दूसरे वह सोचती है कि एक तेरह वर्ष की लड़की के विचारों में कोई भी रुचि नहीं लेगा, सिवाय उसके। इसलिए उन विचारों को डायरी में दर्ज करना उसके लिए बेहतर था।)

2. Why does Anne want to keep a diary?
(ऐनी डायरी क्यों रखना चाहती है?)
Answer:
Anne Frank wants to keep a diary because she has no friend in whom she can confide. Secondly, she cannot discuss her day-to-happenings with anyone. But she would be able to record these happenings in a diary.
(ऐनी इसलिए डायरी रखना चाहती है क्योंकि उसका कोई ऐसा मित्र नहीं है जिसमें वह विश्वास कर सके। दूसरे, वह अपने दैनिक जीवन में घटने वाली घटनाओं के बारे में किसी से चर्चा नहीं कर सकती है। लेकिन वह इन घटनाओं को डायरी में दर्ज करके रख सकेगी।)

3. Why did Anne think she could confide more in her diary than in people ? (ऐनी ऐसा क्यों सोचती थी कि वह लोगों की अपेक्षा डायरी में अधिक भरोसा रख सकती थी?)
Answer:
Anne Frank does not have a true friend. So she cannot confide her feelings in anyone. She thinks that her diary is her only true friend. So she thinks that she can confide in it better than in person.
(ऐनी फ्रैंक का कोई भी सच्चा मित्र नहीं है। इसलिए वह अपनी भावनाओं के लिए किसी पर भी भरोसा नहीं कर सकती थी। वह मानती है कि उसकी डायरी ही उसकी केवलमात्र सच्ची मित्र है। इसलिए वह मानती है कि वह लोगों की अपेक्षा डायरी पर अधिक भरोसा रख सकती है।)

Oral Comprehension Check (Page 51)

1. Why does Anne provide a brief sketch of her life? (ऐनी अपने जीवन के संक्षिप्त चित्रण का वर्णन क्यों करती है?)
Answer:
Anne thought that no one would believe a word in her entries in her diary, if she did not write about her life. So she provides a brief sketch of her life..
(ऐनी ने सोचा कि यदि उसने अपने जीवन का संक्षिप्त विवरण नहीं दिया तो कोई उसकी डायरी का एक पन्ना भी नहीं पड़ेगा। इसलिए वह अपने जीवन के संक्षिप्त चित्रण का वर्णन करती है।)

2. What tells you that Anne loved her grandmother ? (आपको कैसे पता चलता है कि ऐनी अपनी दादी से प्यार करती थी?)
Answer:
Anne lived with her grandmother for six months when her parents went to Holland. She loved her deeply. When her grandmother died, Anne felt sad. She often thought about her. So she was very close to her grandmother.
(जब ऐनी के माता-पिता हॉलैंड चले गए थे तो वह छः महीने तक अपनी दादी के पास रही थी। वह उससे बहुत अधिक प्यार करती थी। जब उसकी दादी की मृत्यु हुई तो ऐनी बहुत उदास हुई। वह हमेशा उसके बारे में सोचा करती थी। अतः वह उसके बहुत अधिक निकट थी।)

Oral Comprehension Check (Page 54)

1. Why was Mr Keesing annoyed with Anne ? What did he ask her to do? (मि० कीसिंग ऐनी से नाराज क्यों था? उसने उसे क्या करने को कहा?) [B.S.E.H. 2019 (Set-D), 2020 Set-A)]
Answer:
Anne Frank was a chatterbox. She talked and talked in the class. That was why her maths teacher, Mr Keesing was annoyed with her. As a punishment, he ordered her to write an essay on the topic ‘AChatterbox’.
(ऐनी फ्रैंक एक बातूनी लड़की थी। वह कक्षा में बहुत अधिक बातें करती थी। यही कारण था कि उसका गणित अध्यापक मि० कीसिंग उससे नाराज था। सजा के तौर पर उसने उसे ‘एक बातूनी लड़की’ विषय पर एक निबंध लिखने का आदेश दिया।)

2. How did Anne justify her being a chatterbox in her essay ? (ऐनी ने अपने निबंध में अपने बातूनी होने को कैसे सही ठहराया?)
Answer:
In her essay she justified her being a chatterbox. She said that talking was a student’s trait. She wrote that she would do her best to cure herself of this habit. Her mother also talked much. Nothing could be done about inherited traits.

(अपने निबंध में वह अपने बातूनी होने को सही ठहराती है। उसने कहा कि बातें करना एक विद्यार्थी का स्वाभाविक गुण होता है। उसने लिखा कि वह अपनी इस आदत को सुधारने का पूरा प्रयास करेगी। उसकी माँ भी अधिक बातें किया करती थी। वंशानुगत गुणों के विषय में अधिक कुछ नहीं किया जा सकता था।)

3. Do you think that Mr Keesing was a strict teacher ?
(क्या आपके विचार में मि० कीसिंग एक सख्त अध्यापक थे?)
Answer:
Mr Keesing was not a strict teacher. In fact he was a kind and jovial man. He believed that students should be taught practically.
(मि० कीसिंग एक सख्त अध्यापक नहीं थे। वास्तव में वह एक दयालु और खुशमिजाज व्यक्ति थे। वे मानते थे कि विद्यार्थियों को व्यवहारिक रूप से पढ़ाया जाए।)

4. What made Mr Keesing allow Anne to talk in her class ? (किस बात के कारण मि० कीसिंग ने ऐनी को अपनी कक्षा में बातें करने की अनुमति दे दी?)
Answer:
Mr Keesing allowed Anne to talk in the class. He admitted that the joke played by Anne was on him. He took the joke in the right spirit. He read the poem to the class and added his own comments to it.
(मि० कीसिंग ने ऐनी को कक्षा में बात करने की अनुमति प्रदान कर दी। उसने स्वीकार कर लिया कि ऐनी के द्वारा किया गया व्यंग्य उसके ऊपर ही था। उसने व्यंग्य को सही अर्थों में लिया। उसने कविता को पूरी कक्षा में पढ़कर सुनाया और उसमें अपने विचार भी जोड़े।)

Thinking about the Text

1. Was Anne right when she said that the world would not be interested in the musings of a thirteen-year-old girl ?
(क्या ऐनी का यह कहना सही था कि संसार एक तेरह वर्ष की लड़की के विचारों में रुचि नहीं लेगा?)
Answer:
Yes, Anne was right in saying so. The world is generally interested in reading things of great men. People seldom care for what a teenager has to say.
(हाँ, ऐसा कहने में ऐनी सही थी। दुनिया के लोग प्रायः महान् लोगों की कृतियों को पढ़ने में रुचि लेते हैं। लोग इस बारे मे बिल्कुल ध्यान नहीं देते हैं कि एक किशोरी ने क्या कहा है।)

2. There are some examples of diary or journal entries in the ‘Before You Read’ section. Compare these with what Anne writes in her diary. What language was the diary originally written in ? In what way is Anne’s diary different ?
(‘Before You Read’ वाले भाग में डायरी और रोजनामचों की प्रविष्टियों के कई उदाहरण हैं। इसकी तुलना ऐनी के द्वारा अपनी डायरी में लिखे लेखों से करो। इस डायरी को वास्तविक रूप से किस भाषा में लिखा गया था? ऐनी की डायरी किस प्रकार से भिन्न है?)
Answer:
Anne Frank uses her own genre of writing her diary. She mixes her diary writing with a few things ofjournals or memoirs. Anne’s diary was written originally in Dutch language. It is different as it doesn’t follow the appropriate format. In writing her diary, Anne Frank uses a mixture of a journal, memoir, diary and log.
(ऐनी फ्रैंक डायरी लेखन में अपनी खुद की शैली का प्रयोग करती है। वह अपने डायरी लेखन में रोजनामचों और अपने जीवन वृत्तांतों का मिश्रण करती है। ऐनी की डायरी वास्तविक रूप से डच भाषा में लिखी गई। यह भिन्न इसलिए है क्योंकि यह किसी एक विशिष्ट ढाँचे पर आधारित नहीं लिखी गई है। इसमें रोजनामचे, जीवन वृत्तांत, डायरी और अभिलेखों का वर्णन है।)

3. Why does Anne need to give a brief sketch about her family ? Does she treat ‘Kitty’ as an insider or an outsider ?
(ऐनी को अपने परिवार का संक्षिप्त रूप से वर्णन क्यों करना पड़ता है? क्या वह किट्टी को घर का सदस्य या बाहर वाला मानती है?)
Answer:
Anne thinks that no one will be interested in reading the diary of a thirteen-year-old school girl. She thinks her diary is only her real friend. So she needs to give a brief sketch about her family.
(ऐनी सोचती है कि कोई भी व्यक्ति एक तेरह वर्षीय स्कूल जाने वाली लड़की की डायरी में रुचि लेना पसंद नहीं करेगा। वह सोचती है कि उसकी डायरी ही उसकी सच्ची मित्र है। इसलिए उसे अपने परिवार का एक संक्षिप्त वर्णन देने की जरूरत पड़ती है।)

4. How does Anne feel about her father, her grandmother, Mrs Kuperus and Mr Keesing ? What do these tell you about her ?
(ऐनी अपने पिता, अपनी दादी माँ, श्रीमती क्यूपरस और मि० कीसिंग के विषय में क्या सोचती है? इससे उसके बारे में क्या पता चलता है?)
Answer:
From Anne Frank’s diary we know about many people. She considers her parents adorable’. She loves her grandmother deeply. She feels equally for her headmistress Mrs Kuperus. She also loves her maths teacher Mr Keesing though she calls him “old fogey’. These things tell us that Anne is an affectionate girl.
(ऐनी फ्रेंक की डायरी से हमें बहुत से लोगों के विषय में पता चलता है। वह अपने माता-पिता को ‘प्रशंसनीय’ मानती है। वह अपनी दादी माँ से बहुत प्यार करती है। उसकी यही भावनाएँ अपनी मुख्याध्यापिका श्रीमती क्यूपरस के प्रति हैं। वह अपने गणित अध्यापक मि० कीसिंग से भी प्यार करती है यद्यपि वह उसे ‘बूढ़ा व्यक्ति’ कहती है। ये सभी बातें बताती हैं कि ऐनी एक स्नेहमयी लड़की है।)

5. What does Anne write in her first essay ?
(ऐनी अपने प्रथम निबंध में क्या लिखती है?)
Answer:
In her first essay Anne justifies her habit of talking. She writes that talking is a student’s trait. She would do her best to keep talking under control. She writes that her mother also talked much. She thinks that she had inherited this trait from her mother. Not much can be done about inherited traits.
(अपने प्रथम निबंध में ऐनी बातें करने की अपनी आदत को सही ठहराती है। वह लिखती है कि बातें करना एक विद्यार्थी का गुण होता है। वह अपनी बातें करने की आदत को पूर्ण नियंत्रण में रखने का प्रयास करेगी। वह लिखती है कि उसकी माँ भी बहुत बातें करती थी। वह मानती है कि उसे यह गुण अपनी माँ से विरासत में मिला है। विरासत में मिले गुणों के बारे में अधिक कुछ नहीं किया जा सकता है।)

6. Anne says teachers are most unpredictable. Is Mr Keesing unpredictable.? How ?
(ऐनी कहती है कि अध्यापक सबसे अधिक ऐसे व्यक्ति होते हैं जिनके बारे में अनुमान नहीं लगाया जा सकता है। क्या मि० कीसिंग के विषय में भी अनुमान नहीं लगाया जा सकता है? कैसे?)
Answer:
Anne is right when she says that teachers are most unpredictable. Her observation is based on a study of her teacher, Mr Keesing. He is very unpredictable. He is annoyed with Anne Frank for chatting in the class. He gives her extra homework as a punishment. In her essay she justifies her habit of chatting. She fears that after writing the last essay, Mr Keesing would give her extra homework again. But instead he allows Anne to talk in the class. He also doesn’t give her extra homework again.
(ऐनी का यह कहना बिल्कुल सही है कि अध्यापक सबसे अधिक ऐसे प्राणी हैं जिनके बारे में भविष्यवाणी नहीं की जा सकती है। उसकी यह अवधारणा अपने अध्यापक मि० कीसिंग के अध्ययन पर आधारित है। उसके बारे में बिल्कुल भी अनुमान नहीं लगाया जा सकता। वह ऐनी फ्रेंक से इसलिए नाराज है कि वह उसकी कक्षा में बातें करती है। वह उसे सजा के रूप में अतिरिक्त गृहकार्य देता है। अपने निबंध में वह बातें करने की अपनी आदत को सही ठहराती है। उसे भय है कि अंतिम निबंध लिखने के पश्चात् मि० कीसिंग फिर उसे अतिरिक्त गृहकार्य देंगे। लेकिन इसके विपरीत वह ऐनी को कक्षा में बातें करने की अनुमति प्रदान कर देता है। वे उसे पुनः अतिरिक्त गृहकार्य भी नहीं देता है।)

7. What do these statements tell you about Anne Frank as a person ?
(ये कथन आपको ऐनी फ्रेंक के व्यक्तित्व के बारे में क्या बताते हैं?)
(i) We don’t seem to be able to get any closer, and that’s the problem. Maybe it’s my fault that we don’t confide in each other.
(हम एक-दूसरे के और निकट आते प्रतीत नहीं होते हैं, और यही एक समस्या है। हो सकता है कि यह मेरी गलती है कि हम एक-दूसरे पर भरोसा नहीं करते हैं।)
(ii) I don’t want to jot down the facts in this diary the way most people would, but I want the diary to be my friend. (मैं अपनी डायरी में तथ्यों को इस प्रकार से नहीं लिखना चाहूँगी जैसे कि अधिकतर लोग करते हैं, बल्कि मैं अपनी डायरी को अपनी मित्र बनाना चाहूँगी।)
(iii) Margot went to Holland in December, and I followed in February, when I was plunked down on the table as a birthday present for Margot. (मार्गट दिसंबर में हॉलैंड गई, और मैं फरवरी में गई, जब मुझे मार्गट के लिए जन्मदिन के एक उपहार के रूप में मेज पर रख दिया गया।)
(iv) If you ask me, there are so many dummies that about a quarter of the class should be kept back, but teachers are the most unpredictable creatures on earth. (यदि आप मुझसे ये पूछे तो हमारी कक्षा में इतने अधिक मूर्ख हैं कि लगभग एक चौथाई कक्षा को तो फेल कर दिया जाना चाहिए, लेकिन अध्यापक पृथ्वी पर पाए जाने वाले प्राणियों में सबसे अधिक ऐसे प्राणी हैं जिनके व्यवहार के बारे में कोई अनुमान नहीं लगाया जा सकता।)
(v) Anyone could ramble on and leave big spaces between the words, but the trick was to come up with convincing arguments to prove the necessity of talking. (कोई भी व्यक्ति इधर-उधर की बातें बोल सकता था और शब्दों के बीच में बड़ा अंतराल दे सकता है। मगर असली
बात थी कि बातें करने की आवश्यकता को सिद्ध करने के लिए तर्कपूर्ण तर्क दिए जाएँ।)
Answer:
(i) Anne is reserved,
(ii) She is self-confident and inventive,
(iii) She is humourous also,
(iv) She is intelligent,
(v) She has a sense of propriety and convincingness.
((i) ऐनी आत्मकेंद्रित है,
(ii) वह आत्म-विश्वासी और आविष्कारी है,
(iii) वह मजाकिया भी है,
(iv) वह तेज बुद्धि वाली है,
(v) उसमें मर्यादा और औचित्य की भावना का समावेश है।)

Thinking about Language

I. Look at the following words.

headmistress
long-awaited
homework
notebook
stiff-backed
outbursts

These words are compound words. They are made up oftwo or more words. Compound words can be:

  1. nouns : headmistress, homework, notebook, outbursts
  2. adjectives : long-awaited, stiff-backed
  3. verbs : sleep-walk, baby-sit

Match the compound words under ‘A’ with their meanings under ‘B’. Use each in a sentence.

A B
1. Heartbreaking — obeying and respecting the law
2. Homesick — think about pleasant things, forgetting about the present
3. Blockhead–  –something produced by a person, machine or organisation
4. Law-abiding –producing great sadness
 5. Overdo — an occasion when vehicles/machines stop working
6. Daydream — an informal word which means a very stupid person
7. Breakdown — missing home and family very much
8. Output — do something to an excessive degree

Answer:

A B
1. Heartbreaking –producing great sadness
2. Homesick — missing home and family very much
3. Blockhead– — an informal word which means a very stupid person
4. Law-abiding — obeying and respecting the law
 5. Overdo — do something to an excessive degree
6. Daydream — think about pleasant things, forgetting about the present
7. Breakdown — an occasion when vehicles/machines stop working
8. Output –something produced by a person, machine or organisation

II. Phrasal Verbs :

A phrasal verb is a verb followed by a preposition or an adverb. Its meaning is often different from the meanings of its parts. Compare the meanings of the verbs get on and run away in (a) and (b) below. You can easily guess their meanings in (a) but in (b) they have special meanings.
(a). She got on at Agra when the bus stopped for breakfast.
Dev Anand ran away from home when he was a teenager.
(b). She’s eager to get on in life. (succeed)
The visitors ran away with the match. (won easily)
Some phrasal verbs have three parts : a verb followed by an adverb and preposition.
(c) Our car ran out of petrol just outside the city limits.
(d) The government wants to reach out to the people with this new campaign.

1. The text you’ve just read has a number of phrasal verbs commonly used in English. Look up the following in a dictionary for their meanings (under the entry for the italicised word).
(i) plunge (right) in
(iii) ramble on
(ii) kept back
(iv) get along with

2. Now find the sentences in the lesson that have the phrasal verbs given below. Match them with their meanings. (You have already found out the meanings of some of them.) Are their meanings the same as that of their parts? (Note that two parts of a phrasal verb may occur separated in the text.)

(i) plunge in – speak or write without focus
(ii) kept back – stay indoors
(iii) move up – make (them) remain quiet
(iv) ramble on – have a good relationship with
(v) get along with — give an assignment (homework) to a person in authority (the teacher)
(vi) calm down – compensate
(vii) stay in – go straight to the topic
(viii)make up for – go to the next grade
(ix) hand in – not promoted
Answer:
(i) plunge in – go straight to the topic
(ii) kept back — not promoted
(iii) move up – go to the next grade
(iv) ramble on – speak or write without focus
(v) get along with – have a good relationship with
(vi) calm down – make (them) remain quiet
(vii) stay in – stay indoors
(viii)make up for – compensate
(ix) hand in – give an assignment (homework) to a person in authority (the teacher)

III. Idioms

Idioms are groups of words with a fixed order, and a particular meaning, different from the meanings of each of their words put together. (Phrasal verbs can also be idioms; they are said to be idiomatic when their meaning is unpredictable.) For example, do you know what it means to meet one’s match’ in English? It means to meet someone who is as good as oneself, or even better, in some skill or quality. Do you know what it means to ‘let the cat out of the bag’? Can you guess ?

1. Here are a few sentences from the text which have idiomatic expressions. Can you say what each means? (You might want toʻconsult a dictionary first.)

(i) Our entire class is quaking in its boots. ………….
………….
(ii) Until then, we keep telling each other not to lose heart. ………………
(iii) Mr Keesing was annoyed with me for ages because I talked so much. ………………….
(iv) Mr Keesing was trying to play a joke on me with this ridiculous subject, but I’d make sure the joke was on him. ………………..
Answer:
‘Let the cat out of the bag’ means ‘let the reality come out’.
(i) Our entire class is talking and talking too much.
(ii) Until then, we keep telling each other that we should not feel discouraged.
(iii) Mr Keesing was annoyed with me for a very long period because I talked so much.
(iv) Mr Keesing was trying to play a joke on me with this ridiculous subject, but I’d make sure that he himself would be the butt of that joke.

2. Here are a few more idiomatic expressions that occur in the text. Try to use them in sentences of your own.
(i) caught my eye
(ii) he’d had enough
(iii) laugh ourselves silly
(iv) can’t bring myself to
Answer:
(i) He tried to hide behind the curtain, but his feet caught my eye.
(ii) I tolerated his nonsense for some time, but then I told him that I had had enough of it.
(iii) When I we saw the fat man slip on a banana peel, we laughed ourselves silly.
(iv) I can’t bring myself to understand my faithful servant has stolen my purse.

IV. Do you know how to use a dictionary to find out the meanings of idiomatic expressions ? Take, for example, the expression caught my eye in the story. Where–under which word would you look for it in the dictionary ?

Look for it under the first word. But if the first word is a‘grammatical’ word like a, the, for, etc. then take the next word. That is, look for the first meaningful’word in the expression. In our example, It is the word caught.

But you won’t find caught in the dictionary, because it is the past tense of catch. You’ll find caught listed under catch. So you must look under catch for the expression caught my eye. Which other expressions with catch are listed in your dictionary ?

Note that a dictionary entry usually first gives the meanings of the word itself, and then gives a list of idiomatic expressions using that word. For example, study this partial entry for the noun ‘eye’ from the Oxford Advanced Learner’s dictionary 2005.

Eye

  • Noun
  • Part of Body 1 [C] either of the two organs on the face that you see with : The suspect has dark hair and green eyes.
  • Ability to See 3 [sing.) the ability to see: A surgeon needs a good eye and a steady hand.
  • Way of Seeing 4 [C, usually sing.) a particular way of seeing sth : He looked at the design with the eye of an engineer.
    Of Needle 5 [C] the hole in the end of a needle that you put the thread through. IDM be all eyes to be watching sb/sth carefully and with a lot of interest before lin front of sb’s (very) eyes in sb’s presence ; in front of sb : He had seen his life’s work destroyed before his very eyes. Be up to your eyes in sth to have a lot of sth to deal with : We’re up to our eyes in work.

Answer:
The various expressions of catch listed in my dictionary are: pt.pp caught, its various meanings, phrases like catch one’s breath, catch fire, catch somebody with pants/trousers, catch somebody out, catching/catchy (adj.), noun form, etc.

You have read the expression ‘not to lose heart in this text. Now find out the meanings of the following expressions using the word ‘heart’. Use each of them in a sentence of your own.
1. break somebody’s heart
2. close/dear to heart
3. from the (bottom of your) heart
4. have a heart
5. have a heart of stone
6. your heart goes out to somebody
Answer:

  1. When I came to know that my best friend had deceived me, it will broke my heart.
  2. Roy is very close/dear /near to Abhishek’s heart.
  3. A person should love his parents from the bottom of his heart.
  4. Have a heart and face the difficulties.
  5. She had a heart of stone as she has deceived her best boyfriend.
  6. My heart goes out to the poor people who suffer in life.

V. Contracted Forms:

When we speak, we use ‘contracted forms’ or short forms such as these : can’t (for can not or cannot)
I’d (for I would or I had)
she’s (for she is)
Notice that contracted forms are also written with an apostrophe to show a shortening of the spelling of not, would, or is as in the above example.
Writing a diary is like speaking to oneself. Plays (and often, novels) also have speech in written form. So we usually come across contracted forms in diaries, plays and novels.

1. Make a list of the contracted forms in the text. Rewrite them as full forms of two words.
For example : I’ve = I have
Answer:
doesn’t = does not
can’t = cannot
didn’t = did not
you’re = you are/ you were
I’m = I am
l’ve = I have
who’ll = who will.
I’d finished = I had finished
don’t = do not
l’d = I would
it’s = it is
who’s = who is

2. We have seen that some contracted forms can stand for two different full forms:
I’d = I had or I would

Find in the text the contracted forms that stand for two different full forms, and say what these are.
Answer:
I’d worry = I would worry
I’d finished = I had finished
who’s = who has/who is
there’s = there is/there was

Speaking

Here is an extract adapted from a one-act play. In this extract, angry neighbours who think Joe the Inventor’s new spinning machine will make them lose their jobs come to destroy Joe’s model of the machine. You’ve just seen how contracted forms can make a written text sound like actual speech. Try
written text sound like actual speech. Try to make this extract sound more like a real conversation by changing some of the verbs back into contracted forms. Then speak out the lines.
[The door is flung open, and several men tramp in. They carry sticks, and one of them, HOB, has a hammer]

HOB : Now where is your husband, mistress ?
MARY : In his bed. He is sick, and weary. You would not harm him!
HOB : We are going to smash his evil work to pieces. Where is the machine ? SECOND MAN : On the table yonder.
НОВ : Then here is the end of it!
(HOB smashes the model. MARY screams.)
HOB : And now for your husband!
MARY : Neighbours, he is a sick man and almost a cripple. You would not hurt him!
НОВ : He is planning to take away our daily bread … We will show him what we think of him and his ways!
MARY : You have broken his machine … You have done enough …
Answer:
НОВ : Now where’s your husband, Mrs ? MARY
In his bed. He’s sick, and weary. You’d not harm him!
HOB : We’re going to smash his evil work to pieces. Where’s the machine ?
SECOND MAN : On the table yonder
HOB : Then here’s the end of it!
(HOB smashes the model. MARY screams.)
НОВ : And now for your husband !
MARY : Neighbours, he’s a sick man and almost a cripple. You’d not hurt him !
HOB : He’s planning to take away our daily bread …… We’ll show him what we think of him and his ways !
MARY: You’ve broken his machine … You’ve done enough …

Listening

Your teacher will read out an extract from The Diary of Samuel Pepys (given on the next page (60) of the text book) about the great fire of London ! As you listen complete this summary of the happenings.

Summary

This entry in the diary has been made on (a) __by (b) _ . The person who told Pepys about the fire was called (c)__ . She called at (d) _____in the morning. Pepys went back to sleep because (e) __ . Pepys rose again at () __ in the morning. By, then about (8)_ _houses had been burned down. The fire had spread to (h)_ _by London Bridge. Pepys then walked to the (i)_ along with Sir J. Robinson’s (j)_
Answer:
(a) September 2nd (Lord’s Day), (b) Samuel Pepys, (c) Jane, (d) about three, (e) the fire was on the backside of Marke-Lane at the farthest, ) seven, (g) 300, (h) all fish market, (i) Tower, (j) little son.

Writing

Now you know what a diary is and how to keep one. Can you keep a diary for a week recording the events that occur ? You may share your diary with your class, if you wish to. Use the following hints to write your diary.

  • Though your diary is very private, write as if you are writing for someone else.
  • Present your thoughts in a convincing manner.
  • Use words that convey your feelings, and words that “paint pictures’ for the reader. Be brief.

‘Diary language’ has some typical features such as subjectless sentences (Got up late in the morning), sentence fragments without subjects or verbs …too bad, boring, not good), contracted forms (they’re, I’ve, can’t, didn’t, etc.), and everyday expressions which people use in speech. Remember not to use such language in more formal kinds of writing.
Answer:
Yes, I can keep a diary for a week. In fact I keep a diary and record my day to day experiences in it. I like my diary. I have a diary of my own. I write it whenever I have a liking for it. My yesterday’s entry in the diary goes like this :
Today, the class teacher was pleased with me as I stood first in the December tests. Although I had fared well in the tests, yet I was a bit nervous when the teacher was returning our answer-books to us. My heart was beating and my legs were shaking. When my turn came, the teacher did not give me the answer-book at once. Instead, she asked me to come to her. I became very nervous. I thought that she would rebuke.
But my joy knew no bounds when she patted my back and announced that I had stood first. That was a memorable moment.

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